Academic Integrity and Performance by Encik Mohd Zahid Laton


Definition of plagiarism
An act of using or closely imitating the language and thoughts of another author without authorization and the representation of that author's work as one's own, as by not crediting the original author.

 The following are considered plagiarism:

  • turning in someone else's work as your own.
  • copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit.
  • failing to put a quotation in quotation marks.
  • giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation.
  • changing words but copying the sentence structure of a source without giving credit.
  • copying so many ideas or words from a source that is makes up the majority of your work, whether you give credit or not.
Preventing Plagiarism

A. Planning Your Paper
1. Consult Your Instructor/Lecturer
  • If you have doubts or question about something, you should ask your instructor/lecturer.
2. Plan Your Paper
  • You need to plan how you are going to include other sources of information in your paper.
  • There must be a balance between the ideas taken from other sources and your own ideas.
  • Writing an outline or coming up with a thesis statement in which you clearly formulate an argument about the information you will find help establish the boundaries between your ideas and those of your sources.
3. Take Effective Notes
  • Organize the information that you have found by taking through notes of all the sources before you start writing.
  • To avoid confusion about your sources, try using different coloured fonts, pens/pencils for each one.
  • Make sure you clearly distinguish your own ideas from those you found elsewhere.
  • Record bibliographic information or web addresses for every source right away.
B. Writing Your Paper
4. Cite Sources
  • Citing is one of the effective ways to avoid plagiarism. If it is unclear whether an idea in your paper really came from you, or whether you got it from somewhere else and just changed it a little, you should always cite 
  • your source.
  • When quoting a source, use the quote exactly the way it appears. If the quotation is relatively short (usually fewer than 3 lines or 40 words), those words must be enclosed in quotation marks.
5. Make It Clear Who Said What
  • If you are discussing the ideas of more than one person, be careful with confusing pronouns.
  • Always make sure to differentiate who said what, and give credit to the right person.
6. Know How To Paraphrase
  • A paraphrase is a restatement or rewording of a text or passage giving the meaning in another form in order to achieve clarity.
  • To paraphrase, you must change both the words and the sentence structure of the original, without changing the content.
  • Paraphrased passages still requires citation because the ideas came from another source, even though you are putting them in your own words.
7. Evaluate Your Sources
  • Make sure you know the author(s) of the page, where they got their information, and when they wrote it (getting this information is also an important step in avoiding plagiarism).
  • Then you should determine how credible you feel the source is: how well they support their ideas, the quality of the writing, the accuracy of the information provided.
8. Include a Reference Page
  • One of the most important ways to avoid plagiarism is referencing.
  • Include a reference page or page of works cited at the end of your paper.
  • Check the guidelines for citing sources properly and make sure that the page meets the document formatting guidelines used by UiTM.
WHAT IS GPA?
  • Grade Point Average (GPA) refers to the calculated average of the letter grades a student earns in each semester.
  • Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) refers to the overall GPA, which includes dividing the number of quality points earned in all courses attempted by the total credit hours in all attempted course.
Calculating Grade Point Average

 A+ - 90-100% - 4.00

 A   - 80-89%   - 4.00

 A-  - 75-79%   - 3.67

 B+ - 70-74%   - 3.33

 B   - 65-69%   - 3.00

 B-  - 60-64%   - 2.67

 C+ - 55-59%   - 2.33

 C   - 50-54%   - 2.00

 C-  - 47-49%   - 1.67

 D   - 44-46%   - 1.33

 D-  - 40-43%   - 1.00

 E    - 30-39%   - 0.67

 F    - 0-29%     - 0.00
Formula

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